I am a criminologist with a Ph.D. from the University of Amsterdam and postdoctoral training at the University of Toronto’s Centre for Criminology and Sociolegal Studies. My work explores how societies respond to crime and justice through vigilantism, lynching, policing, and questions of state legitimacy. Recognized with several national and international scholarships and fellowships, I have published extensively in leading criminology journals, including The British Journal of Criminology, Theoretical Criminology, European Journal of Criminology, and the Asian Journal of Criminology.